てある (te aru) is used when something is intentionally done and you can see the resulting state of that action.
ドアが開けてある
The door has been left open (intentionally)
Example 1) 作った VS 作ってある
This example will focus on the difference between using past form and てある (te aru) form.
1.1) Using 作った
明日の弁当はもう作った。
ashita no bentou wa mou tsukutta.
I (have) already made tomorrow’s bento (lunch).
1.2) Using 作ってある
明日の弁当はもう作ってある。
ashita no bentou wa mou tsukutte aru.
Tomorrow’s bento (lunch) has been prepared already.
* 書く( = kaku) = to write
make て ( = te) form and add ある ( = aru )
書いてある ( = kaite aru) to be written (when you find something that someone wrote with a purpose. )
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