In order to understand how to use ん ( = ), you have to know the form of ** のです ( = ** no desu. ) or **のだ ( = **noda) because * *んです ( = **n desu) and **んだ ( = **n da) are spoken language of **のです ( = ** no desu.) or **のだ ( =**noda.).
What is the difference between 1) and 2)?
1) 寒いです。= samui desu.
2) 寒いのです。= samui no desu
Basic form
adjective (na-adjective and i-adjective) and verb (dictionary form) + のです = nodesu → んです = n desu
or のだ = noda→んだ = nda
• 暑いです。
= Atsui desu.
= It’s hot. (Just a fact.)
↓ (giving a reason.)
• 暑いのです。
= Atsui no desu.
=Because it’s hot.
↓ (conversational)
• 暑いんです。
= Atsuin desu.
= Because it’s hot.
↓(more casual)
• 暑いんだ。
= Atsuin da.
= ‘Cause it’s hot.
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